Selenium (Selenium) is an essential trace element widely found in nature and involved in various biological metabolic processes. However, when selenium concentrations are too high, they can cause severe toxic effects on humans, animals, and the environment. Industrial activities, especially coal combustion in coal-fired power plants, are one of the...

Soil is the product of terrestrial biogeochemical processes and an essential foundation for human survival. Microorganisms endow soil with life properties and drive the biogeochemical cycles within it. Microorganisms play a crucial role in improving soil structure, enhancing fertility, controlling pollution, and responding to global climate change....

Iron (Fe) is one of the most abundant elements on Earth, widely present in soils and sediments, and participates in global carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen cycles. The redox reactions of iron play a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles, particularly in the processes of iron oxidation and reduction. Iron minerals, especially mixed-valent iron minerals ...

Hydraulic fracturing is a technique used to extract natural gas from unconventional reservoirs, but it generates large volumes of flowback and produced water. These waters contain complex mixtures of organic and inorganic constituents, particularly the solids associated with these fluids, which are often rich in iron (Fe), toxic organics, heavy met...

Partial Differentiation of Europa and Implications for the Origin of Materials in the Jupiter System Academic Background Europa, one of Jupiter’s icy moons, has long been considered one of the most promising candidates for extraterrestrial life in the solar system. Its surface is covered by a thick ice layer, beneath which a liquid water ocean may ...