ER-to-Golgi Trafficking Through a Dynamic Intermediate Cis-Golgi Tubular Network in Arabidopsis

Life Sciences, Cell Biology,
endoplasmic reticulum   Golgi apparatus   secretory system   Arabidopsis   tubular network   dynamic trafficking   molecular mechanisms  

Academic Background In eukaryotic cells, the transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus is a central process of the secretory system, responsible for the spatiotemporal sorting of proteins and lipids. However, the nature of the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) and the molecular mechanisms mediating the transition ...

Phosphorylation of BOK at Ser-8 Blocks Its Ability to Suppress IP3R-Mediated Calcium Mobilization

Medicine, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry,
BOK   phosphorylation   IP3R   calcium mobilization   endoplasmic reticulum   GPCR   calcium signaling  

The New Role of BOK Protein in Calcium Signaling Regulation Background Introduction BOK (Bcl-2-related ovarian killer) is a member of the Bcl-2 protein family and has long been thought to play a role in cell apoptosis. However, recent studies suggest that BOK may also have non-apoptotic functions, particularly in the regulation of calcium ion (Ca²⁺...

Regulation of Calcium Homeostasis in Endoplasmic Reticulum–Mitochondria Crosstalk: Implications for Skeletal Muscle Atrophy

Medicine, Anesthesiology, Cardiovascular System, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Biophysics,
skeletal muscle   calcium   atrophy   mitochondria   endoplasmic reticulum   calcium homeostasis   muscle diseases  

The Critical Role of Calcium in Skeletal Muscle Function and Its Interaction with Mitochondria and the Endoplasmic Reticulum Academic Background Calcium ions (Ca²⁺) are crucial intracellular signaling molecules, particularly in the excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) of skeletal muscle. The contraction of skeletal muscle relies on the release and...