Synthetic Biology in Cancer Immunotherapy: Engineering Bacteria to Inhibit IDO Activity and Reprogram CD8+ T Cell Responses Academic Background In recent years, significant progress has been made in cancer immunotherapy, particularly through the activation of T cells to combat tumors. However, metabolic adaptations in the tumor microenvironment (TM...

Cyanobacteria–Probiotics Symbionts for Modulation of Intestinal Inflammation and Microbiome Dysregulation in Colitis Academic Background Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the gut, primarily including Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). The pathogenesis of IBD is complex, involving dysfun...

Quantitative and Dynamic Properties of Nutrient Colimitation in Microbial Populations Academic Background The growth, physiology, and metabolic activity of microorganisms are fundamentally controlled by resource availability. Understanding which resources limit microbial growth and to what extent is not only a core concept in microbiology but also ...

Transport and Energetics of Bacterial Rectification Academic Background In nature, many biological systems rely on the directed motion of microscopic particles to achieve their functions. For example, the unidirectional movement of molecular motors (such as kinesins) along microtubules is crucial for intracellular transport. However, the mechanisms...

Neoadjuvant Oncolytic Virus OrienX010 Combined with PD-1 Inhibitor Toripalimab for Resectable Acral Melanoma: Phase Ib Clinical Trial Background Acral melanoma (AM) is a highly aggressive subtype of melanoma with a high incidence in the Chinese population, accounting for approximately 40% of melanoma cases. Despite advances in melanoma treatment, c...

Background and Research Motivation Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons, leading to progressive muscle paralysis and eventual death. Currently, no effective treatments can significantly delay or halt ALS progression. While various ALS mouse models (such as those carry...