Aging Promotes Reactivation of the Barr Body at Distal Chromosome Regions

Medicine, Rheumatology and Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geriatrics, Neurology, Cardiovascular System, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology, Genetics,
aging   Barr body   X chromosome inactivation   escape genes   chromatin accessibility   sex differences   epigenetics  

1. Academic Background: The Mysterious Link between X Chromosome Inactivation and Aging In mammals, females possess two X chromosomes while males have only one. To maintain gene dosage balance between the sexes, females undergo a process called X chromosome inactivation (XCI) early in development, in which one of the two X chromosomes is randomly s...

Aberrant Engagement of P-selectin Drives Hematopoietic Stem Cell Aging in Mice

Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Geriatrics, Hematology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology,
P-selectin   hematopoietic stem cells   aging   gene expression   erythropoiesis   inflammation   stem cell regeneration  

1. Research Background and Scientific Problem The health of the hematopoietic system is crucial to the proper functioning of the body, with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) at its core in maintaining normal blood system operation. HSCs possess self-renewal and multipotent differentiation abilities, capable of generating all types of blood cells, inc...

Quasi-spatial single-cell transcriptomics based on physical tissue properties defines early aging-associated niche in liver

Medicine, Hepatobiliary System, Basic Medical Sciences, Geriatrics, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology,
single-cell sequencing   fibrotic niche   liver aging   senescent cells   spatial omics   physical tissue properties  

Redefining the Early-Aging Microenvironment in the Liver: Quasi-spatial Single-cell Transcriptomics Reveals Fibrotic Niche Formation and Cellular Heterogeneity Background and Research Motivation Aging is an inevitable process in life, with one of its most significant features being the accumulation of senescent cells within tissues and organs. Thes...

Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal divergent microenvironments and progression signatures in early- and late-onset prostate cancer

Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Geriatrics, Urology, Oncology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology,
single-cell sequencing   spatial transcriptomics   prostate cancer   heterogeneity   tumor microenvironment   androgen response   tumor progression  

Background: Age-related Heterogeneity in Prostate Cancer and New Opportunities for Precision Medicine Prostate cancer (PCA) is the second most common malignancy and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death among men worldwide. With the global aging population and the advancement of health screening, the age of onset for prostate cancer has b...

Mitochondria-Enriched Hematopoietic Stem Cells Exhibit Elevated Self-Renewal Capabilities Within the Context of Aged Bone Marrow

Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Geriatrics, Hematology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology, Genetics,
hematopoietic stem cells   mitochondria   self-renewal   aging   bone marrow   single-cell analysis   cell differentiation  

Mitochondria-Enriched Hematopoietic Stem Cells Reveal Enhanced Self-Renewal Activity in Aged Bone Marrow: In-Depth Analysis of the Latest Study in Nature Aging I. Academic Background and Research Significance Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the essential foundation underlying life-long production of blood and immune cells. However, with aging, ...

Exosomes Derived from Exercise-Trained Mice Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Wound Healing by Inhibiting Macrophage M1 Polarization

Medicine, Rheumatology and Immunology, Oral Sciences, Sports Medicine, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Immunology,
bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells   exosome   treadmill exercise   macrophage polarization   M1   wound healing   inflammation  

I. Academic Background and Research Significance Wound healing is a highly complex physiological process that plays a crucial role in tissue regeneration, repair, and immune regulation. However, poor healing of chronic wounds is clinically widespread, severely impacting patients’ quality of life and increasing medical and socioeconomic burdens. The...

Contribution of Cytokeratin 19-Expressing Cells towards Islet Regeneration Induced by Multipotent Stromal Cell Secreted Proteins

Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Immunology,
Cytokeratin 19   Multipotent stromal cells   Islet regeneration   Diabetes   Lineage tracing   Ductal endocrine progenitor cells  

Background Introduction Diabetes, especially type 1 diabetes (T1D), is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the persistent destruction of pancreatic β cells by the immune system, resulting in the loss of the ability to regulate blood glucose. Patients with type 1 diabetes typically require lifelong insulin injections; however, long-term in...

Neural Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Alleviate Inflammatory Responses in a Mouse Model of Atopic Dermatitis

Medicine, Rheumatology and Immunology, Basic Medical Sciences, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Immunology,
neural stem cells   extracellular vesicles   atopic dermatitis   inflammation   skin barrier   immune regulation   mouse model  

I. Academic Background and Research Motivation Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by eczematous lesions, intense itching, and impairment of skin barrier function. Its pathogenesis is highly complex, involving genetic susceptibility, epidermal barrier dysfunction, immune dysregulation, and environmenta...

Cellular Therapies for the Prevention and Treatment of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease

Medicine, Rheumatology and Immunology, Hematology, Oncology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Immunology,
acute graft-versus-host disease   allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation   cellular therapy   T-cell depletion   mesenchymal stem cells   regulatory T cells   immunomodulation  

Advances in Cellular Therapies for the Prevention and Treatment of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease (aGVHD) — An Authoritative Review on the Paper “Cellular therapies for the prevention and treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease” 1. Academic Background and Motivation Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is one of the most severe complicatio...

Critical Role of the Potential O-Linked Glycosylation Sites of CXCR4 in Cell Migration and Bone Marrow Homing of Hematopoietic Stem Progenitor Cells

Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Hematology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology,
CXCR4   O-linked glycosylation   hematopoietic stem progenitor cells   cell migration   bone marrow homing   glycosylation   CXCL12  

1. Academic Background and Research Origin Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) are the foundation for maintaining the steady state of the adult blood system. Every day, the human body needs to generate billions of new blood cells—a process that relies on the capacity of HSPCs for self-renewal and directed differentiation within the bone mar...