During tumor development, copy number alterations (CNAs) are key drivers of tumor heterogeneity and evolution. Understanding these variations is crucial for developing personalized cancer diagnostics and therapies. Single-cell sequencing technology offers the highest resolution for copy number analysis, down to the individual cell level. However, l...

The three-dimensional structure of a protein is determined by its amino acid sequence, and the function of the protein is highly dependent on its three-dimensional structure. The side-chain conformations of proteins play a crucial role in protein folding, protein-protein interactions, and de novo protein design. Accurate prediction of protein side-...

Academic Background Cryogenic Electron Microscopy (Cryo-EM) is a crucial experimental technique for determining the structures of macromolecules such as proteins. However, the effectiveness of Cryo-EM is often hindered by noise and missing density values caused by experimental conditions such as low contrast and conformational heterogeneity. Althou...

Research Background Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) are crucial tools for understanding the complex biological processes within cells. They reveal the interactions between Transcription Factors (TFs) and target genes, thereby controlling gene transcription and regulating cellular behavior. With the advancement of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-s...

In proteomics research, mass spectrometry (MS) is widely used to analyze changes in protein abundance and structure. However, protein quantification faces a critical challenge: many proteins share the same peptides (shared peptides), meaning these peptides appear in the sequences of multiple proteins. Traditional methods typically rely solely on un...