Aging Promotes Reactivation of the Barr Body at Distal Chromosome Regions

Medicine, Rheumatology and Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geriatrics, Neurology, Cardiovascular System, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology, Genetics,
aging   Barr body   X chromosome inactivation   escape genes   chromatin accessibility   sex differences   epigenetics  

1. Academic Background: The Mysterious Link between X Chromosome Inactivation and Aging In mammals, females possess two X chromosomes while males have only one. To maintain gene dosage balance between the sexes, females undergo a process called X chromosome inactivation (XCI) early in development, in which one of the two X chromosomes is randomly s...

Monocytes Can Efficiently Replace All Brain Macrophages and Fetal Liver Monocytes Can Generate Bona Fide Sall1+ Microglia

Medicine, Neurology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Immunology,
monocytes   brain macrophages   fetal liver monocytes   microglia   Alzheimer's disease   cell replacement therapy   epigenetics  

Academic Background The homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) relies on two key types of macrophages: microglia and border-associated macrophages (BAMs). Traditionally, microglia are believed to originate from the embryonic yolk sac and possess lifelong self-renewal capabilities, while bone marrow (BM)-derived monocytes in adults cannot r...

Multisite DNA Methylation Alterations of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Serve as Novel Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of AIS/Stage I Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study

Medicine, Respiratory System, Oncology, Life Sciences, Biochemistry, Genetics,
DNA methylation   early detection   lung adenocarcinoma   peripheral blood mononuclear cells   biomarkers   multicenter study   epigenetics  

Novel Early Diagnosis Method for Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on DNA Methylation in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, accounting for approximately 40% of lung cancer cases. Despite significant advancements in treatment, the prognosis of LUAD remains...

Unravelling the Mosaic: Epigenetic Diversity in Glioblastoma

Medicine, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Oncology,
glioblastoma   epigenetics   tumour heterogeneity   DNA methylation   chromatin remodelling   microRNA dysregulation   long noncoding RNA  

Epigenetic Diversity in Glioblastoma Academic Background Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Despite decades of research, its prognosis remains extremely poor, with an average survival of only 14 months after diagnosis. The significant heterogeneity of glioblastoma is one of the main reasons for the slow progress in its t...

Developmental Pluripotency-Associated 4 Increases Aggressiveness of Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors by Enhancing Cell Stemness

Medicine, Endocrinology, Oncology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Genetics,
pituitary neuroendocrine tumors   cell stemness   Wnt/β-catenin signaling   Dppa4 gene   tumor aggressiveness   epigenetics   stem cell regulation  

The Oncogenic Role of Dppa4 in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors Academic Background Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (PitNETs) are common intracranial tumors that often exhibit hormone-secreting functions and are a significant cause of hypogonadism and infertility in humans. Although most PitNETs can be controlled through surgery and medication, some...