Laser-Induced Olfactory Bulbectomy in Adult Zebrafish as a Novel Putative Model for Affective Syndrome: A Research Tribute to Brian Leonard

Study on Laser-Induced Olfactory Bulbectomy in Zebrafish as a Novel Model for Affective Syndrome Background Affective disorders, such as depression, are common mental health issues worldwide. Although rodent models have played a significant role in depression research, their cross-species applicability has limitations. Zebrafish (Danio rerio), as a...

Basal Ganglia and Related Disorders: From Cellular and Circuit Dysfunctions to Therapy

The Interaction Between A2A Receptor and CB1 Receptor in GABA and Glutamate Release in the Basal Ganglia Background The basal ganglia are key structures in the brain responsible for motor control and reward-based behaviors. They receive excitatory inputs from the cortex and thalamus, with 80% of the synapses being glutamatergic, while the second mo...

Clinical Analysis of MOG Antibody-Associated Disease Overlapped with Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis: A Long-Term Retrospective Study

Clinical Analysis of MOG Antibody-Associated Disease Overlapping with Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis Background In recent years, with the in-depth study of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), scientists have identified some rare cases of overlapping syndromes. Among them, the overlap between MOG Ant...

Oscillatory Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and the Amplitude-Modulated Frequency Dictate the Quantitative Features of Phosphenes

Oscillatory Transcranial Electrical Stimulation and the Quantitative Features of Phosphene Perception Background Introduction Phosphenes refer to the phenomenon of perceiving light points without any external visual stimuli. This phenomenon holds significant importance in visual neuroscience and consciousness studies, as it helps us understand how ...

Oxyglutamate Carrier Alleviates Cerebral Ischaemia–Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Mitochondrial Function

The Role of Oxyglutamate Carrier in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Academic Background Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) is a significant issue in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Although rapid blood flow restoration through thrombectomy and intravenous rt-PA (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator) administration can effectively...