The Role of the Neonatal Gut Microbiota in the Encephalopathy of Prematurity: A Comprehensive Study Academic Background Premature birth (defined as birth before 37 weeks of gestation) is a common issue globally, affecting approximately 10% of pregnancies. Preterm infants are at risk of abnormal brain development, known as Encephalopathy of Prematur...

Mechanism of Proton Release during Water Oxidation in Photosystem II Academic Background Photosystem II (PSII) is the only enzyme in nature capable of catalyzing water splitting, a reaction that not only releases oxygen but also provides electrons for biomass synthesis. The water-splitting reaction releases protons into the thylakoid lumen, forming...

Research Background The asymmetric distribution of proteins in single-cell embryos is a critical step in cell polarity and development. This asymmetry often relies on complex reaction-diffusion mechanisms and involves multiple feedback loops. In the one-cell embryo of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), the RNA-binding proteins MEX-5 and MEX-6, al...

Genome-Wide Single-Cell and Single-Molecule Footprinting of Transcription Factors with Deaminase Academic Background In humans and other mammals, although the genome of each somatic cell is essentially the same, the functions of different cell types vary significantly. This diversity is primarily determined by the binding of transcription factors (...

Artificial Dynamic RNA Structure Ensemble-Guided Rational Design of a Universal RNA Aptamer-Based Sensing Tag Academic Background RNA molecules play versatile roles in both natural and synthetic biological systems, with their functions strongly dependent on their dynamic and specific three-dimensional structures. RNA secondary and tertiary structur...

Interpretation of “MassiveFold: Unveiling AlphaFold’s Hidden Potential with Optimized and Parallelized Massive Sampling” Background and Research Questions Protein structure prediction is a crucial area in life sciences, vital for understanding fundamental mechanisms in molecular biology. Recently, DeepMind’s AlphaFold achieved revolutionary progres...