A self-assembling surface layer flattens the cytokinetic furrow to aid cell division in an archaeon

Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Biophysics, Microbiology,
self-assembly   surface layer   cell division   archaea   S-layer   membrane deformation   cell mechanics  

1. Academic Background Since the origin of life, living organisms have needed to construct effective barriers to protect their cells from external physical and chemical damage. In the realms of bacteria and archaea, the surface layer (S-layer) is a universally present and exquisitely structured two-dimensional protein lattice that substitutes for t...

Continuous self-repair protects vimentin intermediate filaments from fragmentation

Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Biophysics,
intermediate filaments   vimentin   cytoskeleton   subunit exchange   self-repair   fragmentation mechanism  

Academic Background and Research Motivation The cytoskeleton is the core structural support responsible for maintaining cell morphology and mechanical properties and is mainly composed of three major classes: actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. Among these, intermediate filaments play an irreplaceable role in maintaining cell...

Single Antisense Oligonucleotides Correct Diverse Splicing Mutations in Hotspot Exons

Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Oncology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Genetics,
antisense oligonucleotide   splicing mutation   hotspot exon   RNA splicing   actionable genes   gene mutation   therapeutic strategy  

Broad-Spectrum Correction of Splicing Mutations in Rare Disease Hotspot Exons by Single Antisense Oligonucleotide: Review of a Recent 2025 PNAS Study I. Academic Background: The Challenge of Disease-Associated Splicing Mutations and Dilemmas in Antisense Therapy RNA splicing is a crucial step in the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. The ...

Intermediate Light Adaptation Induces Oscillatory Phototaxis Switching and Pattern Formation in Chlamydomonas

Physics, Fluid Physics, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Biophysics, Botany, Microbiology,
Chlamydomonas   phototaxis   light adaptation   flagellar beating   microswimmers   behavioral switching   pattern formation  

Light Adaptation Drives New Motility Patterns in Green Algae — A Review of “Intermediate light adaptation induces oscillatory phototaxis switching and pattern formation in Chlamydomonas” 1. Research Background and Scientific Questions Microswimmers at the microscopic scale, such as unicellular algae, bacteria, and sperm, are important ecological co...

Pathogenic Variants in the Polycystin Pore Helix Cause Distinct Forms of Channel Dysfunction

Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Nephrology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Genetics, Biophysics,
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease   polycystin   PKD2   ion channels   cryo-EM   channel dysfunction   protein assembly  

Molecular Mechanism Analysis of ADPKD Pathogenic Variants in Ion Channels – In-depth Interpretation of PNAS 2025 Latest Original Research I. Academic Research Background and Scientific Significance Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common monogenic disorders worldwide, affecting millions of individuals. The pat...

Generative Prediction of Causal Gene Sets Responsible for Complex Traits

Information Science, Artificial Intelligence, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Genetics,
gene regulatory networks   complex traits   generative deep learning   variational autoencoder   causal gene sets   phenotypic variation   polygenic diseases  

Generative Deep Learning for Predicting Causal Gene Sets of Complex Traits: PNAS Landmark New Method Explained I. Academic Background and Research Motivation The Dilemma of Complex Traits The relationship between genotype and phenotype has long been one of the core issues in biology and genetics. This challenge is especially prominent in the study ...