Background Introduction Ferroptosis is a form of cell death triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, which has recently been recognized as having significant potential in cancer therapy. Cancer cells evade ferroptosis through various molecular alterations and metabolic reprogramming mechanisms, with glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) being a ke...

Academic Background Ribophagy is a selective autophagy process responsible for regulating the degradation and turnover of ribosomes. Ribosomes are the core machinery for protein synthesis in cells, and their synthesis and degradation are crucial for cellular adaptation to environmental changes, such as nutrient deprivation. Under nutrient-rich cond...

In cell biology, the glycosylation modification of cell surface glycoproteins plays a crucial role in processes such as cell signaling, adhesion, and migration. How dynamic changes in glycosylation regulate intracellular transport and function, particularly the internalization of cell surface receptors through endocytosis, remains an incompletely u...

Background Introduction In cell biology, understanding how cells respond differently to perturbations is crucial. Perturbation refers to altering cell states through gene editing, chemical substances, environmental changes, or mechanical forces to study their functions. However, existing methods have limitations in quantifying heterogeneous respons...

Academic Background and Problem Introduction Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a hematologic malignancy driven by the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. Although Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) have significantly improved the survival rate of CML patients, TKI resistance and disease progression to the blast crisis (BC) phase remain major challenges in clinica...

Academic Background Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a globally important food crop, providing a primary source of calories for approximately one-fifth of the world’s population. However, rice production faces various biotic and abiotic stresses, leading to reduced yields. Among these, rice brown leaf spot disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Cochliobol...