O-GlcNAcylation Regulates Tyrosine Hydroxylase Serine 40 Phosphorylation and L-Dopa Levels

Medicine, Neurology, Life Sciences, Biochemistry,
O-GlcNAcylation   Tyrosine Hydroxylase   Serine 40 Phosphorylation   L-Dopa   Neurotransmitter  

O-GlcNAcylation Regulates Tyrosine Hydroxylase Serine 40 Phosphorylation and L-DOPA Levels Research Background In the nervous system, dopamine is a key neurotransmitter, and the rate-limiting enzyme in its synthesis pathway is tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). The activity of TH is regulated by various post-translational modifications (PTMs), among which ...

Modeling Ocular Surface Ion and Water Transport by Generation of Lipid- and Mucin-Producing Human Meibomian Gland and Conjunctival Epithelial Cells

Medicine, Ophthalmology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Biophysics,
Meibomian gland   conjunctival epithelial cells   ion channels   aquaporin   tear secretion  

Modeling of Ion and Water Transport on the Human Ocular Surface Background Introduction The ocular surface plays a crucial role in human physiology and diseases, especially the stability and composition of the tear film, which directly impact ocular surface health. The tear film consists of three layers: an outer lipid layer (secreted by the meibom...

Senescent Myoblasts Exhibit an Altered Exometabolome Linked to Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype Signaling

Medicine, Geriatrics, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology,
senescence   myoblasts   metabolome   SASP signaling   monounsaturated fatty acids  

Research Report on Changes in the Metabolome of Senescent Myoblasts Research Background As age increases, the function of skeletal muscle gradually deteriorates, a phenomenon closely related to the senescence of muscle stem cells (satellite cells). Satellite cells play a key role in muscle injury repair. However, during the aging process, the funct...

Sulforaphane Treatment Mimics Contractile Activity-Induced Mitochondrial Adaptations in Muscle Myotubes

Medicine, Sports Medicine, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry,
Sulforaphane   Mitochondrial Biogenesis   Nrf-2   PGC-1α   Skeletal Muscle  

Sulforaphane Mimics Contractile Activity-Induced Mitochondrial Adaptations in Muscle Research Background Mitochondria are central regulators of skeletal muscle health, acting as the cell’s power plants. The function and quality of mitochondria directly impact muscle health. Exercise has been widely proven to be an effective means of enhancing mitoc...

RFC4 Confers Radioresistance of Esophagus Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Regulating DNA Damage Response

Medicine, Oncology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology,
RFC4   esophageal squamous cell carcinoma   radioresistance   DNA damage repair   p53 signaling pathway  

New Discovery in the Mechanism of Radioresistance in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The Role of the RFC4 Gene Academic Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies in China, and radiotherapy is a crucial treatment modality. However, radioresistance in tumor cells is a major cause ...

Novel Endocytosis Inhibitors Block Entry of HIV-1 Tat into Neural Cells

Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Neurology, Life Sciences, Biochemistry, Immunology,
HIV-1 Tat   endocytosis inhibitors   oxidative stress   DNA damage   neural cells  

Novel Endocytosis Inhibitors Block HIV-1 Tat Protein Entry into Neural Cells Academic Background HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1) infection not only leads to immune system exhaustion but is also closely associated with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Although combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has significantly improv...