Enhancing Immunotherapy Potential Through PD-L1 Upregulation—Combination of Anti-PD-L1 and mTOR Inhibitors Background Introduction In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made significant progress in cancer treatment, particularly in the treatment of urothelial cancer (UC). PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors restore T cell anti-tumor activity ...

Prostate Cancer Cell Function Assessments Reveal Differences Between Gedatolisib and Single-Node PI3K/AKT/mTOR Inhibitors Academic Background Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers among men worldwide, particularly in advanced stages where patients often develop resistance to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), progressing to castra...

Academic Background and Problem Statement Prostate Cancer (PCA) is one of the most common malignancies in men, particularly in advanced stages, where patients typically receive Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) as the standard treatment. However, despite initial treatment efficacy, patients eventually develop Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (...

Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response-Dependent β-Catenin Signaling Promotes Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Academic Background Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in American men, second only to skin cancer. Although current treatments, such as androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), can induce remission in prostate cancer, ...

Executive Report on the Study of ccRCC Regulatory Mechanisms Using the SIRCLE Model Background Overview Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most prevalent form of kidney cancer, accounting for 70% of renal malignancies. The development and progression of ccRCC involve intricate remodeling of the kidney epigenome, transcriptome, proteome,...