End-to-end Prediction of Knee Osteoarthritis Progression Using Multimodal Transformers I. Academic Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic musculoskeletal disease that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Due to gradual degeneration of articular cartilage and bone, KOA typically leads to chronic pain, joint stiffness, and fun...

Breakthrough Study on Consistent Self-Organized Formation of Hyaline Cartilage in hiPSC-Derived Multi-Tissue Organoids I. Academic Background 1.1 The Medical Challenge of Cartilage Injury Cartilage is an important connective tissue within human joints, with hyaline cartilage especially covering joint surfaces and playing a core role in smooth movem...

Academic Background and Research Motivation In recent years, the field of stem cell and regenerative medicine has developed rapidly. Due to their multipotency and self-renewal capacity, stem cells have become a vital cell source for tissue repair and regeneration. Among the many types of stem cells, Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have drawn consider...

Academic Research Background With the global population aging rapidly, osteoporosis has gradually become a major disease threatening public health. Characterized by reduced bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, osteoporosis significantly increases the risk of fractures, severely impacts the quality of life of the elderly, and bring...

Research Progress on the Role of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM63 in Promoting Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells — An Interpretation of the Paper “E3 ligase TRIM63 promotes the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by catalyzing K27-linked cysteine ubiquitination of MYH11” 1. Academic Background and Research Motivati...