Propagation of Neuronal Micronuclei Regulates Microglial Characteristics

Medicine, Neurology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Immunology,
neuronal micronuclei   microglia   neurodevelopment   transcriptome signature   morphological changes  

Study on the Propagation of Neuronal Micronuclei Regulating Microglial Characteristics Academic Background Microglia, the resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS), play a crucial role in maintaining brain homeostasis, regulating neuronal development, synaptic pruning, and responding to pathological states. However, despite extensiv...

Translocating Gut Pathobiont Enterococcus Gallinarum Induces Th17 and IgG3 Anti-RNA Directed Autoimmunity in Mouse and Human

Medicine, Rheumatology and Immunology, Nephrology, Life Sciences, Immunology,
autoimmunity   gut microbiota   Th17 cells   IgG3 antibodies   systemic lupus erythematosus  

Academic Background Chronic autoimmune diseases are typically triggered by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors, with complex and incompletely understood mechanisms. In many cases, these diseases require lifelong immunosuppressive treatments, imposing a heavy burden on patients. Recent research has found that gut microb...

Prior Vaccination Prevents Overactivation of Innate Immune Responses During COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection

Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology,
COVID-19   breakthrough infection   innate immune response   vaccination   sex-specific patterns  

How COVID-19 Vaccines Affect Immune Responses During Breakthrough Infections Background Introduction As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, an increasing number of infections are “breakthrough infections,” occurring in individuals who have been vaccinated or previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Although vaccination has significantly reduced the risk o...

Intestinal Epithelium–Derived IL-34 Reprograms Macrophages to Mitigate Gastrointestinal Tract Graft-Versus-Host Disease

Medicine, Rheumatology and Immunology, Basic Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology, Hematology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Immunology,
Graft-versus-host disease   Macrophages   IL-34   Intestinal epithelium   Immunomodulation  

Academic Report on the Role of Intestinal Epithelium-Derived IL-34 in Alleviating Graft-versus-Host Disease 1. Academic Background Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD) is a severe complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and gastrointestinal (GI) GVHD is the primary determinant of morbidity and mortality du...

Tumor Extracellular Vesicle–Derived PD-L1 Promotes T Cell Senescence Through Lipid Metabolism Reprogramming

Medicine, Oncology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Immunology,
tumor microenvironment   T cell senescence   lipid metabolism   PD-L1   immunotherapy  

PD-L1 in Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promotes T Cell Senescence through Lipid Metabolism Reprogramming Academic Background In recent years, immunotherapy has shown great promise in cancer treatment, particularly in checkpoint blockade therapies targeting PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed cell death protein 1 and its ligand) and CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-ly...

Coactivation of Innate Immune Suppressive Cells Induces Acquired Resistance Against Combined TLR Agonism and PD-1 Blockade

Medicine, Oncology, Life Sciences, Immunology,
innate immune suppressive cells   acquired resistance   TLR agonists   PD-1 blockade   tumor microenvironment   CXCL1-CXCR2 axis   polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells  

Mechanism of Combined Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy Academic Background Immune Checkpoint Blockade (ICB) is a revolutionary cancer treatment aimed at reactivating effector T cells to combat cancer. However, more than half of patients do not respond to ICB, especially those with immunologically “cold” tumors (tumors with fewer immune cells in t...