Cervical Cancer (CC) is the fourth most common malignant tumor among women worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where its incidence and mortality rates remain high. According to statistics, there were over 600,000 new cases and more than 340,000 deaths globally in 2020. The primary cause of cervical cancer is the persistent ...

Mastectomy is a common surgical procedure in the treatment of breast cancer, with approximately 55,000 women diagnosed with breast cancer each year in the UK, of whom up to 40% undergo mastectomy. Mastectomy has a profound impact on women’s physical and mental health, and the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends th...

Academic Background The lengthy training periods and high-stress work schedules of surgeons, particularly during their optimal childbearing years, often lead them to forgo part-time work or delay pregnancy, thereby increasing the risk of infertility and pregnancy complications. Women experience a significant decline in fertility after the age of 30...

Academic Background Pregnant women undergo significant physiological changes in their cardiovascular system to meet the increased physiological demands during pregnancy. Among these changes, an increase in resting heart rate (HR) is common, typically rising by 10-20 beats per minute. However, this increase in HR can lead to the onset or exacerbatio...

Background Folic Acid (FA) supplementation during pregnancy is widely recommended to reduce the risk of fetal congenital defects, particularly in the prevention of neural tube defects and congenital heart disease. However, despite the significant benefits of FA supplementation in preventing certain diseases, whether excessive FA supplementation may...