Lifetime Risk of Surgery in England: A Nationwide Observational Cohort Study Academic Background Surgery represents a significant portion of the UK National Health Service (NHS) activity, with approximately 4.4 million people undergoing surgical procedures in England each year. Although an increasing number of surgeries are performed as day-case pr...

Academic Background In Africa, postoperative mortality is twice that of high-income countries, with most deaths occurring on hospital wards after patients develop postoperative complications. The primary reason for this is inadequate postoperative monitoring, leading to delayed recognition and intervention when patients deteriorate. In Africa, heal...

Report on the Association Between Prenatal Exposure to Systemic Glucocorticoids and Offspring Mental Disorders Academic Background Glucocorticoids are widely used among pregnant women, particularly those at high risk of preterm birth or with autoimmune disorders. These treatments can reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality or alleviate symptoms by ...

Academic Background The placenta plays a critical role in health and disease during pregnancy, and its development and function directly impact pregnancy outcomes. The early development of the utero-placental vasculature is essential for ensuring normal placental function, while abnormal vascular development is closely associated with placenta-rela...

Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Claudin-3 Expression in Cancer: A Tissue Microarray Study on 14,966 Tumor Samples Academic Background Claudin-3 (Cldn3) is a member of the Claudin family, involved in the formation of tight junctions (TJs), which regulate intercellular permeability. TJs play a crucial role in maintaining the barrier function ...