The Role of p39 in Cerebral Ischemic Injury Background Introduction Stroke is an extremely serious public health problem, with current research mainly focusing on injury mechanisms and new target identification. p39, as an activator of CDK5 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 5), plays a crucial role in various diseases. This article mainly investigates the r...

Pediatric medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. Due to its unique molecular and clinical characteristics, the treatment of this type of tumor has been a focus of clinical research. Existing treatments mainly include maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, but these treatments often lead to long...

Optogenetic Inhibition of Insular Cortex Glutamatergic Neurons Regulates Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain Introduction and Background Trigeminal neuropathic pain (TNP) is a severe facial disorder characterized by rapid and intense stabbing pain attacks that spread along the cutaneous segments of the trigeminal nerve. TNP occurs almost twice as frequentl...

Missense Mutation in AIFM1 Gene Leads to Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Riboflavin Deficiency Intolerance Research Background Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles found in eukaryotic cells with nuclei, primarily producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation to provide cellular energy. Mitochondria have their own gen...

Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group Guideline for CYP2C9, HLA-A and HLA-B Gene-Drug Interactions with Antiepileptic Drugs Background Pharmacogenetics (PGx) studies how genetic variations affect individual drug responses, aiming to guide drug selection and dosing, optimize drug therapy, prevent adverse drug reactions, and achieve safer and more cos...