Decision Uncertainty as a Context for Motor Memory

Medicine, Neurology, Sports Medicine, Life Sciences,
decision uncertainty   motor memory   perceptual decision-making   motor learning   contextual cues  

Decision Uncertainty as a Contextual Cue for Motor Memory Background In a penalty shootout during a soccer match, players may face two distinctly different decision-making scenarios. For example, a player may decisively kick the ball to the right corner after seeing the goalkeeper move to the other side, or he may kick the same way without being ce...

The Necessity of Human Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in Prosocial Motivation

Medicine, Psychiatry, Neurology, Neurosurgery,
ventromedial prefrontal cortex   decision-making   prosocial behavior   effort   reward   patient study   lesion mapping  

The Necessity of the Human Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex for Prosocial Motivation Research Background and Motivation The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) plays a crucial role in decision-making processes. Functional neuroimaging studies indicate that the vmPFC is key in handling rewards and efforts and is also associated with prosocial behav...

Artifactually Inflates Brain-Wide Functional Connectivity Throughout Functional MRI Scans

Medicine, Neurology, Medical Imaging, Life Sciences, Biophysics,
functional MRI   functional connectivity   artifact   low-frequency oscillations   cerebral blood flow  

Functional Connectivity Across the Brain and Temporally Enhanced Non-neuronal Low-Frequency Oscillation (SLFO) Blood Flow Signal Based on Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scans In the field of neuroscience, a core question is how the brain’s connectivity reconfigures over time to support adaptive functional changes. These dynamically changing ...

Mapping Medically Relevant RNA Isoform Diversity in the Aged Human Frontal Cortex with Deep Long-Read RNA-Seq

Medicine, Basic Medical Sciences, Geriatrics, Neurology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Genetics,
RNA isoforms   frontal cortex   long-read RNA sequencing   Alzheimer's disease   differential expression  

Academic Background RNA isoforms play a critical role in gene expression regulation. On average, human protein-coding genes contain over eight RNA isoforms, leading to nearly four distinct protein-coding sequences. Traditional short-read sequencing technologies, due to their limitations in read length, cannot accurately assemble and quantify RNA is...

Single-Cell Analysis of Anti-BCMA CAR T Cell Therapy in Patients with Central Nervous System Autoimmunity

Medicine, Rheumatology and Immunology, Neurology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Immunology,
BCMA   CAR T cells   central nervous system   autoimmune diseases   single-cell analysis   neuroinflammation  

Central Nervous System (CNS) autoimmune diseases, such as Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD), are inflammatory demyelinating conditions characterized by relapses of optic neuritis and myelitis. Despite significant progress in the treatment of NMOSD, a subset of patients responds poorly to current therapies, with recurrent and difficult...

Oxidative Phosphorylation Regulates B Cell Effector Cytokines and Promotes Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis

Medicine, Rheumatology and Immunology, Neurology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology,
oxidative phosphorylation   B cells   cytokines   inflammation   multiple sclerosis   metabolism  

Oxidative Phosphorylation Regulates B Cell Effector Cytokines and Promotes Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis Background Introduction In recent years, the antibody-independent functions of B cells in health and disease have become a research hotspot, particularly their ability to secrete different cytokines that can activate or downregulate local i...