Background Introduction In cell biology, understanding how cells respond differently to perturbations is crucial. Perturbation refers to altering cell states through gene editing, chemical substances, environmental changes, or mechanical forces to study their functions. However, existing methods have limitations in quantifying heterogeneous respons...

Academic Background and Problem Introduction Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a hematologic malignancy driven by the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. Although Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) have significantly improved the survival rate of CML patients, TKI resistance and disease progression to the blast crisis (BC) phase remain major challenges in clinica...

Tumor heterogeneity is a critical issue in cancer research, encompassing genetic, phenotypic, and microenvironmental heterogeneity. Although single-cell sequencing has shed light on genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, the study of non-genetic factors, such as microenvironmental heterogeneity, remains insufficient. Oxidative stress is a hallmark o...

In the field of functional genomics, researchers have long been dedicated to predicting causal regulatory relationships from observational data. However, despite modern technologies enabling the measurement of diverse molecular modalities, inferring causal regulatory relationships from observational data remains challenging. In particular, the iden...

The occurrence and progression of cancer are closely related to the expression of oncogenes, and the regulation of oncogene expression is a complex process. Among these mechanisms, the role of translation control in oncogene expression has gradually gained attention. MYC is a key oncogene that is overexpressed in various cancers, particularly in pa...

Research Background During the early stages of mammalian embryonic development, embryonic cells gradually differentiate into various cell types through complex regulatory mechanisms, forming tissues with specific functions. This process is known as tissue patterning, which involves the determination of cell fate, coordination of cellular dynamics, ...

Academic Background In the field of drug delivery, achieving long-term and controlled release of drugs is a significant research direction. Hydrogels, as materials with excellent biocompatibility and degradability, have been widely used in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound dressing. However, the low mechanical strength of traditional hyd...

Academic Background Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a globally important food crop, providing a primary source of calories for approximately one-fifth of the world’s population. However, rice production faces various biotic and abiotic stresses, leading to reduced yields. Among these, rice brown leaf spot disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Cochliobol...

Academic Background Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the synovial membrane of joints, leading to inflammation and erosive lesions. Approximately 0.5% to 1% of the global population is affected by this disease, particularly among the elderly, who often experience dysphagia, which limits the compliance ...

Academic Background Cancer is a complex and highly prevalent disease worldwide, causing nearly 10 million deaths annually. Early diagnosis and effective treatment are crucial for improving patient survival rates. Current cancer treatment modalities include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Among these, radiotherapy is a critic...