O-GlcNAcylation Regulates Tyrosine Hydroxylase Serine 40 Phosphorylation and L-Dopa Levels

Medicine, Neurology, Life Sciences, Biochemistry,
O-GlcNAcylation   Tyrosine Hydroxylase   Serine 40 Phosphorylation   L-Dopa   Neurotransmitter  

O-GlcNAcylation Regulates Tyrosine Hydroxylase Serine 40 Phosphorylation and L-DOPA Levels Research Background In the nervous system, dopamine is a key neurotransmitter, and the rate-limiting enzyme in its synthesis pathway is tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). The activity of TH is regulated by various post-translational modifications (PTMs), among which ...

Transmission of Peripheral Blood α-Synuclein Fibrils Exacerbates Synucleinopathy and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease by Endothelial LAG3 Endocytosis

Medicine, Neurology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Immunology,
α-synuclein fibrils   Parkinson’s disease   LAG3 endocytosis   peripheral blood transmission   neurodegeneration  

Transmission of Peripheral Blood α-Synuclein Fibrils Exacerbates Synucleinopathy and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease via Endothelial LAG3 Endocytosis Academic Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the abnormal formation and transmission of α-synuclein (α-syn). Recent studies have ...

Modeling Ocular Surface Ion and Water Transport by Generation of Lipid- and Mucin-Producing Human Meibomian Gland and Conjunctival Epithelial Cells

Medicine, Ophthalmology, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Biophysics,
Meibomian gland   conjunctival epithelial cells   ion channels   aquaporin   tear secretion  

Modeling of Ion and Water Transport on the Human Ocular Surface Background Introduction The ocular surface plays a crucial role in human physiology and diseases, especially the stability and composition of the tear film, which directly impact ocular surface health. The tear film consists of three layers: an outer lipid layer (secreted by the meibom...

Ketones in Cellular Physiology: Metabolic, Signaling, and Therapeutic Advances

Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology, Neurology,
ketones   brain-derived neurotrophic factor   cognitive function   insulin resistance   Alzheimer's disease  

Effects of Exogenous β-Hydroxybutyrate on BDNF Signaling, Cognition, and Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing in Humans with Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin-Resistant Rodents Academic Background Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a significantly increased risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), later in li...

Senescent Myoblasts Exhibit an Altered Exometabolome Linked to Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype Signaling

Medicine, Geriatrics, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Immunology,
senescence   myoblasts   metabolome   SASP signaling   monounsaturated fatty acids  

Research Report on Changes in the Metabolome of Senescent Myoblasts Research Background As age increases, the function of skeletal muscle gradually deteriorates, a phenomenon closely related to the senescence of muscle stem cells (satellite cells). Satellite cells play a key role in muscle injury repair. However, during the aging process, the funct...

Sulforaphane Treatment Mimics Contractile Activity-Induced Mitochondrial Adaptations in Muscle Myotubes

Medicine, Sports Medicine, Life Sciences, Cell Biology, Biochemistry,
Sulforaphane   Mitochondrial Biogenesis   Nrf-2   PGC-1α   Skeletal Muscle  

Sulforaphane Mimics Contractile Activity-Induced Mitochondrial Adaptations in Muscle Research Background Mitochondria are central regulators of skeletal muscle health, acting as the cell’s power plants. The function and quality of mitochondria directly impact muscle health. Exercise has been widely proven to be an effective means of enhancing mitoc...